Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas after water vapor in the atmosphere of the earth. More than 98% of the carbon of the atmosphere-ocean system is stored in the oceans as dissolved inorganic carbon. The key for understanding critical processes of the marine carbon cycle is a sound knowledge of the seawater carbonate chemistry, including equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties as well as stable isotope fractionation.
In the cloud-washed airspace between the cornfields of Illinois and blue infinity, a man puts his faith in the propeller of his biplane. For disillusioned writer and itinerant barnstormer Richard Bach, belief is as real as a full tank of gas and sparks firing in the cylinders…until he meets Donald Shimoda–former mechanic and self-described messiah who can make wrenches fly and Richard’s imagination soar….
This book contains a unique survey of the mathematically rigorous results about the quantum-mechanical many-body problem that have been obtained by the authors in the past seven years. It addresses a topic that is not only rich mathematically, using a large variety of techniques in mathematical analysis, but is also one with strong ties to current experiments on ultra-cold Bose gases and Bose-Einstein condensation. The book provides a pedagogical entry into an active area of ongoing research for both graduate students and researchers. It is an outgrowth of a course given by the authors for graduate students and post-doctoral researchers at the Oberwolfach Research Institute in 2004. The book also provides a coherent summary of the field and a reference for mathematicians and physicists active in research on quantum mechanics.
The NS concentration camp of Stutt-hof (West Prussia) has never been the subject of scientific study by western historians. Although there exists some Polish literature on the subject, it must be treated with caution, because it is heavily influenced by Soviet-Communist ideology. According to this literature, Stutthof became a ‘makeshift’ extermination camp within the framework of the so-called ‘Final Solution of the Jewish Question’ in 1944. J rgen Graf and Carlo Mattogno have examined this view of Stutt-hof based on Polish literature and documents located in Russian, Polish, and Dutch archives, paying particular attention to mass transports to and from Stutthof in 1944. Not only do the authors prove that the Stutthof camp did not serve as a ‘makeshift’ extermination camp — the room claimed to have been used as a homicidal gas chamber was never anything else but a delousing chamber. This book also sheds some light on the fate of those prisoners who were deported to Auschwitz but were never registered in that camp. The present volume is a milestone of research, which no historian with any claim to seriousness can afford to ignore.
The twelve chapters of this volume aim to provide a complete manual for using noble gases in terrestrial geochemistry, covering applications which range from high temperature processes deep in the Earths interior to tracing climatic variations using noble gases trapped in ice cores, groundwaters and modern sediments. Other chapters cover noble gases in crustal (aqueous, CO2 and hydrocarbon) fluids and laboratory techniques for determining noble gas solubilities and diffusivities under geologically relevant conditions. Each chapter deals with the fundamentals of the analysis and interpretation of the data, detailing sampling and sampling strategies, techniques for analysis, sources of error and their estimation, including data treatment and data interpretation using recent case studies.
Zeolites and zeolite-like became important because of their ion exchange capacities and their outstanding catalytic properties. Millions of tons of zeolites have been produced in the past years for the oil refining industry alone and, in even greater quantities, as ion-exchanging softening agents for detergents. Numerous other applications, e.g. in environmental protection, farming, gas separation, medicine, and pharmacy, are known, making zeolites almost a necessity of daily life. Consequently, there are many, research activities dealing with zeolites properties and characterization. However, a strictly systematic description of zeolite-type crystal structures was not available but is now presented in this series of volumes. It is designed as a reference work for zeolite chemists and materials scientists, but it also serves as a tool to interpret structural similarities and to derive new structures from known topologies.
This book is intended to present for the first time experimental methods to measure equilibria states of pure and mixed gases being adsorbed on the surface of solid materials. It has been written for engineers and scientists from industry and academia who are interested in adsorption-based gas separation processes and/or in using gas adsorption for characterization of the porosity of solid materials.
In 1925 Einstein predicted that at low temperatures particles in a gas could all reside in the same quantum state. This gaseous state, a BoseEinstein condensate, was produced in the laboratory for the first time in 1995 and investigating such condensates has become one of the most active areas in contemporary physics. The study of BoseEinstein condensates in dilute gases encompasses a number of different subfields of physics, including atomic, condensed matter, and nuclear physics. The authors of this graduate-level textbook explain this exciting new subject in terms of basic physical principles, without assuming detailed knowledge of any of these subfields. Chapters cover the statistical physics of trapped gases, atomic properties, cooling and trapping atoms, interatomic interactions, structure of trapped condensates, collective modes, rotating condensates, superfluidity, interference phenomena, and trapped Fermi gases. Problem sets are also included in each chapter.
