Encyclopedia of Adolescence

Encyclopedia of Adolescence

The period of adolescence involves growth, adaptation, and dramatic reorganization in almost every aspect of social and psychological development. The Encyclopedia of Adolescence offers an exhaustive and comprehensive review of current theory and research findings pertaining to this critical decade of life. Leading scientists offer accessible and easily readable reviews of biological, social, educational, occupational, and cultural factors that shape adolescent development. Issues in normative development, individual differences, and psychopathology/maladjustment are reviewed. Over 130 chapters are included, each covering a specific aspect or issue of adolescence. The chapters trace differences in the course of adolescence in different nations and among youth with different backgrounds.

Encyclopedia of Adolescence

Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Optimisation

Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Optimisation

Sect. I. Introduction — Why Is Optimization Difficult? / Thomas Weise, Michael Zapf, Raymond Chiong, Antonio J. Nebro — The Rationale behind Seeking Inspiration from Nature / Kent C.B. Steer, Andrew Wirth, Saman K. Halgamuge — Sect. II. Evolutionary Intelligence — The Evolutionary-Gradient-Search Procedure in Theory and Practice / Ralf Salomon, Dirk V. Arnold — The Evolutionary Transition Algorithm: Evolving Complex Solutions out of Simpler Ones / Tom Lenaerts, Anne Defaweux, Jano van Hemert — A Model-Assisted Memetic Algorithm for Expensive Optimization Problems / Yoel Tenne — A Self-Adaptive Mixed Distribution Based Uni-variate Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Large Scale Global Optimization / Yu Wang, Bin Li — Differential Evolution with Fitness Diversity Self-Adaptation / Ville Tirronen, Ferrante Neri — Central Pattern Generators: Optimisation and Application / Leena N. Patel — Sect. III. Collective Intelligence — Fish School Search / Carmelo J.A. Bastos Filho … [et al.] — Magnifier Particle Swarm Optimization / Ying Tan, Junqi Zhang — Improved Particle Swarm Optimization in Constrained Numerical Search Spaces / Efren Mezura-Montes, Jorge Isacc Flore-Mendoza — Applying River Formation Dynamics to Solve NP-Complete Problems / Pablo Rabanal, Ismael Rodriguez, Fernando Rubio — Sect. IV. Social-Natural Intelligence — Algorithms Inspired in Social Phenomena / Antonio Neme, Sergio Hernandez — Artificial Immune Systems for Optimization / Heder S. Bernardino, Helio J.C. Barbosa — Sect. V. Multi-Objective Optimisation — Ranking Methods in Many-objective Evolutionary Algorithms / Antonio Lopez Jaimes, Luis Vicente Santana Quintero, Carlos A. Coello Coello — On the Effect of Applying a Steady-State Selection Scheme in the Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm NSGA-II / Antonio J. Nebro, Juan J. Durillo — Improving the Performance of Multiobjective Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms using Coevolutionary Learning /Tse Guan Tan, Jason Teo — Evolutionary Optimization for Multiobjective Portfolio Selection Under Markowitzs Model with Application to the Caracas Stock Exchange / Feijoo Colomine Duran, Carlos Cotta, Antonio J. Fernandez.

Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Optimisation

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Advanced Planning Systems (APS) are a key enabler of the supply chain management. However, APS are highly complex and difficult to comprehend. This book provides students with valuable insights into the capabilities of state-of-the-art APS and bridges the gap between theory (model building and solution algorithms), software implementation, and adaptation to a specific business case. Our business case named Frutado provides a unifying framework for illustrating the different planning tasks that arise in a company from demand planning to the distribution of goods that are addressed by APS. In addition, the book guides through interactive learning units which have been created and recorded for each module of SAPs APS. Learning units can be downloaded free of charge ready to be displayed in a web browser. Together, the textbook and the learning units provide the required skills to better understand the concepts, models, and algorithms underlying todays APS.

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Peer-to-Peer Computing

Peer-to-Peer Computing

Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology, or peer computing, is a paradigm that is viewed as a potential technology for redesigning distributed architectures and, consequently, distributed processing. Yet the scale and dynamism that characterize P2P systems demand that we reexamine traditional distributed technologies. A paradigm shift that includes self-reorganization, adaptation and resilience is called for. On the other hand, the increased computational power of such networks opens up completely new applications, such as in digital content sharing, scientific computation, gaming, or collaborative work environments. In this book, Vu, Lupu and Ooi present the technical challenges offered by P2P systems, and the means that have been proposed to address them. They provide a thorough and comprehensive review of recent advances on routing and discovery methods; load balancing and replication techniques; security, accountability and anonymity, as well as trust and reputation schemes; programming models and P2P systems and projects. Besides surveying existing methods and systems, they also compare and evaluate some of the more promising schemes. The need for such a book is evident. It provides a single source for practitioners, researchers and students on the state of the art. For practitioners, this book explains best practice, guiding selection of appropriate techniques for each application. For researchers, this book provides a foundation for the development of new and more effective methods. For students, it is an overview of the wide range of advanced techniques for realizing effective P2P systems, and it can easily be used as a text for an advanced course on Peer-to-Peer Computing and Technologies, or as a companion text for courses on various subjects, such as distributed systems, and grid and cluster computing.

Peer-to-Peer Computing

Personal Support Workers

Personal Support Workers

This book is a Canadian adaptation of Lippincott’s Textbook for Nursing Assistants, retaining the book’s direct, conversational writing style and emphasis on professionalism and humanism. This adaptation prepares students to work as Personal Support Workers (who may be designated by other titles, depending upon the province) in long-term, acute, and home health settings. The original text has been adapted to cover the Canadian healthcare system, discuss considerations for caring for native Canadian populations, and present SI units of measurement. Although each province has a slightly different scope of practice, care has been taken to address the most general, overriding issues of concern to all provinces.

Personal Support Workers

Smart Sensors and Mems

Smart Sensors and Mems

Smart sensors and micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) can include a variety of devices and systems that have a high level of functionality. They may integrate sensing and actuating with information processing, analog to digital conversion and memory functions. Smart sensors and MEMS may respond to algorithmic instructions and calibration requests, allowing smart devices to become more autonomous as they provide self diagnostics and self correction. Intelligence enables adaptation, which in turn increases the reliability and longevity of the smart device and this can significantly reduce costs. The editors have brought together a roster of contributing experts to cover smart sensors including capacitive, inductive, resistive and image sensors, smart MEMS including power MEMS, optical MEMS, inertial MEMS, and MEMS print heads.

Smart Sensors and Mems

Theory of Elasticity for Scientists and Engineers

Theory of Elasticity for Scientists and Engineers

This book treats classical elasticity theory from a modern point of vi ew, providing a general introduction to the various branches of elasti city theory. Contact and impact problems are treated in detail with im portant examples and new results. Elastic stability is treated through both static and dynamic methods. The adaptive theory of elasticity is developed to describe the functional adaptation behavior of smart mat erials.

Theory of Elasticity for Scientists and Engineers

The Princeton Guide to Evolution

The Princeton Guide to Evolution

The Princeton Guide to Evolution is a comprehensive, concise, and authoritative reference to the major subjects and key concepts in evolutionary biology, from genes to mass extinctions. Edited by a distinguished team of evolutionary biologists, with contributions from leading researchers, the guide contains some 100 clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics in seven major areas: phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society. Complete with more than 100 illustrations (including eight pages in color), glossaries of key terms, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, scientists in related fields, and anyone else with a serious interest in evolution.

The Princeton Guide to Evolution