Material Designs and New Physical Properties in MX- and MMX-Chain Compounds

Material Designs and New Physical Properties in MX- and MMX-Chain Compounds

This is the first book to comprehensively address the recent developments in both the experimental and theoretical aspects of quasi-one-dimensional halogen-bridged mono- (MX) and binuclear metal (MMX) chain complexes of Pt, Pd and Ni. These complexes have one-dimensional electronic structures, which cause the various physical properties as well as electronic structures. In most MX-chain complexes, the Pt and Pd units are in M(II)-M(IV) mixed valence or charge density wave (CDW) states due to electron-phonon interactions, and Ni compounds are in Ni(III) averaged valence or Mott-Hubbard states due to the on-site Coulomb repulsion. More recently, Pd(III) Mott-Hubbard (MH) states have been realized in the ground state by using the chemical pressure. Pt and Pd chain complexes undergo photo-induced phase transitions from CDW to MH or metal states, and Ni chain complexes undergo photo-induced phase transitions from MH to metal states. Ni chain complexes with strong electron correlations show tremendous third-order optical nonlinearity and nonlinear electrical conductivities. They can be explained theoretically by using the extended Peierls-Hubbard model. For MMX-chain complexes, averaged valence, CDW, charge polarization, and alternating charge polarization states have been realized by using chemical modification and external stimuli, such as temperature, photo-irradiation, pressure, and water vapor. All of the electronic structures and phase transitions can be explained theoretically.

Material Designs and New Physical Properties in MX- and MMX-Chain Compounds

Algorithms in Bioinformatics

Algorithms in Bioinformatics

An improved model for statistical alignment (I. Mikls, Z. Toroczkai). Improving profile-profile alignments via log average scoring (N. von ohsen, R. Zimmer). False positive s in genomic map assembly and sequence validation (T. Anantharaman, B. Mishra). Boosting EM for radiation hybrid and genetic mapping (T. Schiex, P. Chabrier, M. Bouchez, D. Milan). Placing probes along the genome using pairwise distance data (W. Casey, B. Mishra, M. Wigler). Comparing a Hidden Markov model and a stochastic context-free grammar (A. Jagota, R. B. Lyngso, C. N. S. Pedersen). Assessing the statistical significance of overrepresented oligonucleotides (A. Denise, M. Rgnier, M. vandenbogaert). Pattern matching and pattern discovery algorithms for protein topologies (J. Viksna, D. Gilbert). Computing linking numbers of a filtration (H. Edelsbrusnner, A. Zomorodian). Side chain-positioning as an integer programming problem (O. Eriksson, Y. Zhou, A. Elofsson). A chemical-distance-based test for positive darwinian selection (T. Pupko, R. Sharan, M. Hasegawa, R. Shamir, D. Graur). Finding a maximum compatible tree for a bounded number of trees with bounded degree is solvable in polynominal time (G. Ganapathysaravanabavan, T. Warnow). Experiments in computing sequences of reversals (A. Bergeron, Franois Strasbourg). Exact-IEBP: a new technique for estimating evolutionary distances between whole genomes (Li-San Wang). Finding an optimal inversion median: experimental results (A. C. Siepel, B. M. E. Moret). Analytic solutions for three-taxon MLMC trees with variable rates across sites (B. Chor, M. Hendy, D. Penny). The performance of phylogenetic methods on trees of bounded diameter (L. nakhleh, U. Roshan, K. St. John, J. Sun, T. Warnow). (1+E)- approximation of sorting by reversals and transpositions (N. Eriksen). On the practical solution of the reversal median problem (A. Caprara). Algorithms for finding gene clusters (S. Heber, J. Stoye). Determination of binding amino acids based on random peptide array screening data (P. J. van der Veen, L. F. A. Wessels, J. W. Sloostra, R. H. Meloen, M. J. T. Reinders, J. Hellendoorn). A simple hyper-geometric approach for discovering putative transcription factor binding sites (Y. Barash, G. Bejerano, N. Friedman). Comparing assemblies using fragments and mate-pairs (D. H. Huson, A. L. Halpern, Z. Lai, E. W. myers, K. Reinert, G. G. Sutton). Author index.

Algorithms in Bioinformatics

The Art and Elegance of Beadweaving

The Art and Elegance of Beadweaving

A leader in the field shares her infectious enthusiasm for the art of off-loom beadweaving, leading you through all the basics and then on to more challenging techniques and projects. Admire the beautiful color photos and detailed diagrams and use them to learn every stitch needed to make beaded jewelry, clothing, lampshades, belts, and pillows. Begin with the beads themselves, perhaps decorating purchased varieties to personalize them. Weave with chevron chain; crochet; herringbone and peyote stitches; and spiral rope. The dramatic and unique projects include a Graduated Triangle Drop Necklace, Putting Together Earrings, Three-Bead Spiral Bracelet, Twisted ribbon Ndebele necklace, Gemstone Rope, Napkin Rings, and many more. Plus – the secret to developing your own creative variations on each theme.

The Art and Elegance of Beadweaving

Bioenergy from Wood

Bioenergy from Wood

This book is written for scientists and practitioners interested in deepening their knowledge of the sustainable production of bioenergy from wood in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Utilising the value chain concept, this book outlines the necessary aspects for managing sustainable bioenergy production. A wide range of topics is covered including biomass localization, modelling and upscaling, production management in woodlands and plantations, and transport and logistics. Biomass quality and conversion pathways are examined in order to match the conversion technology with the available biomass. A section is dedicated to issues surrounding sustainability. The issues, covered in a life-cycle assessment of the bioenergy system, include socio-economic challenges, local effects on water, biodiversity, nutrient-sustainability and global impacts. Through this holistic approach and supporting examples from tropical and sub-tropical countries, the reader is guided in designing and implementing a value chain as the main management instrument for sustainable wood.

Bioenergy from Wood

The Automotive Body, Volume I

The Automotive Body, Volume I

The Automotive Body consists of two volumes. The first volume produces the needful cultural background on the body; it describes the body and its components in use on most kinds of cars and industrial vehicles: the quantity of drawings that are presented allows the reader to familiarize with the design features and to understand functions, design motivations and fabrication feasibility, in view of the existing production processes. The second volume addresses the body system engineer and has the objective to lead him to the specification definition used to finalize detail design and production by the car manufacturer or the supply chain. The processing of these specifications, made by mathematical models of different complexity, starts always from the presentations of the needs of the customer using the vehicle and from the large number of rules imposed by laws and customs. The two volumes are completed by references, list of symbols adopted and subjects index.These two books about the vehicle body may be added to those about the chassis and are part of a series sponsored by ATA (the Italian automotive engineers association) on the subject of automotive engineering; they follow the first book, published in 2005 in Italian only, about automotive transmission.They cover automotive engineering from every aspect and are the result of a five-year collaboration between the Polytechnical University of Turin and the University of Naples on automotive engineering.

The Automotive Body, Volume I

Numerical Methods for Controlled Stochastic Delay Systems

Numerical Methods for Controlled Stochastic Delay Systems

The Markov chain approximation methods are widely used for the numerical solution of nonlinear stochastic control problems in continuous time. This book extends the methods to stochastic systems with delays. Because such problems are infinite-dimensional, many new issues arise in getting good numerical approximations and in the convergence proofs. Useful forms of numerical algorithms and system approximations are developed in this work, and the convergence proofs are given. All of the usual cost functions are treated as well as singular and impulsive controls. A major concern is on representations and approximations that use minimal memory. Featuring numerical algorithms and examples with applications to control and modern communications systems, this book is the first on the subject and will be of great interest to all those who work with stochastic delay equations and whose main interest is in either the use of the algorithms or in the underlying mathematics. An excellent resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners, the work may be used as a graduate-level textbook for a special topics course or seminar on numerical methods in stochastic control.

Numerical Methods for Controlled Stochastic Delay Systems

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Advanced Planning Systems (APS) are a key enabler of the supply chain management. However, APS are highly complex and difficult to comprehend. This book provides students with valuable insights into the capabilities of state-of-the-art APS and bridges the gap between theory (model building and solution algorithms), software implementation, and adaptation to a specific business case. Our business case named Frutado provides a unifying framework for illustrating the different planning tasks that arise in a company from demand planning to the distribution of goods that are addressed by APS. In addition, the book guides through interactive learning units which have been created and recorded for each module of SAPs APS. Learning units can be downloaded free of charge ready to be displayed in a web browser. Together, the textbook and the learning units provide the required skills to better understand the concepts, models, and algorithms underlying todays APS.

Advanced Planning in Supply Chains

Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration

Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration

Effective supply chain integration, and the tight co-ordination it creates, is an essential pre-requisite for successful supply chain management. Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration is a practical reference on recent research in the area of supply chain integration focusing on distributed decision-making problems. Recent applications of various decision-making tools for integrating supply chains are covered including chapters focusing on: Supplier selection, pricing strategy and inventory decisions in multi-level supply chains, RFID-enabled distributed decision-making, Operational risk issues and time-critical decision-making for sensitive logistics nodes, Modelling end to end processes to improve supply chain integration, and Integrated systems to improve service delivery and optimize resource use.Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration provides an insight into the tools and methodologies of this field with support from real-life case studies demonstrating successful application of various decision-making techniques. By covering such a range of topics in this way, Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration is a useful reference for researchers looking to develop their knowledge or find potential new avenues of research.

Decision-Making for Supply Chain Integration

Asian Style Hotels

Asian Style Hotels

With more than 500 ravishing full-color photographs, Asian Style Hotels brings you to the best hotels in Southeast Asia. The super-deluxe establishments included here are all at the cutting-edge of hotel design and management. Each property has been hand-picked according to a set of criteria that includes a strong design aesthetic, architectural integrity, and a sense of individuality a million miles away from the cookie-cutter approach of chain hotels. Asian Style Hotels is the definitive guide to Southeast Asia’s finest places to stay.

Asian Style Hotels

Astronomical Measurement

Astronomical Measurement

This book on astronomical measurement takes a fresh approach to teaching the subject. After discussing some general principles, it follows the chain of measurement through atmosphere, imaging, detection, spectroscopy, timing, and hypothesis testing. The various wavelength regimes are covered in each section, emphasising what is the same, and what is different. The author concentrates on the physics of detection and the principles of measurement, aiming to make this logically coherent.

Astronomical Measurement

Determination of Anions in Natural and Treated Waters

Determination of Anions in Natural and Treated Waters

As environmental controls are lagging behind industrial development, metals are an increasing hazard to humans, animal and plant life. Bioaccumulation of metals through the food chain creates a serious impact on public health yet analytical techniques for detecting the often low concentrations of contaminants are poorly understood.

Determination of Anions in Natural and Treated Waters

The Orange Juice Business

The Orange Juice Business

The orange juice chain is unique, probably a sui generis commodity. Although several countries produce oranges and juices, two regions in the world are the responsible for around 80% of the production. These are the states of Sao Paulo in Brazil and Florida in the USA. Although the emerging countries are growing in production, the juice consumer is also concentrated in the USA and Europe where more than 90% of consumption takes place.The characteristics of this chain are so unique, that it makes a nice laboratory for academics and business people to exercise strategies, since risk is spread. O.

The Orange Juice Business

US Virgin Islands Alive

US Virgin Islands Alive

‘This guide covers each island of the chain, surveys hotels, shops and offbeat vacation opportunities, based on the authors’ personal experiences — which run the gamut, from posh resorts to guest houses. Adventures range from deep-sea fishing to tennis, while there are lots of tips on shopping, nightclubs and entertainment.’ — California Bookwatch

US Virgin Islands Alive

A Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology

A Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology

Scientists are conducting active research in different fields of engineering, science and technology by adopting the Green Chemistry Principles and methodologies to devise new processes, with a view to help protect and ultimately save the environment from further anthropogenic interruptions and damage. With this in mind, the book provides an up-to-date, coherently written and objectively presented set of chapters from eminent international researchers who are actively involved in academic and technological research in the synthesis, (bio)degradation, testing and applications of biodegradable polymers and biopolymers. This pool of the latest ideas, recent research and technological progress, together with a high level of thinking with a comprehensive perspective, makes the emerging field of biodegradable polymer science and engineering (or bio-based polymers) linked to environmental sustainability, the essence of this key publication. The handbook consists of chapters written and contributed by international experts from academia who are world leaders in research and technology in sustainability and biopolymer and biodegradable polymer synthesis, characterisation, testing and use. The book highlights the following areas: green polymers; biopolymers and bionanocomposites; biodegradable and injectable polymers; biodegradable polyesters; synthesis and physical properties; discovery and characterization of biopolymers; degradable bioelastomers, lactic acid based biodegradable polymers; enzymatic degradation of biodegradable polymers; biodegradation of polymers in the composting environment; recent development in biodegradable polymers; research and applications and biodegradable foams. The book is aimed at technical, research-orientated and marketing people in industry, universities and institutions. It will also be of value to the worldwide public interested in sustainability issues and biopolymer development as well as others interested in the practical means that are being used to reduce the environmental impacts of chemical processes and products, to further eco-efficiency, and to advance the utilization of renewable resources for a bio-based production and supplier chain. Readers will gain a comprehensive and consolidated overview of the immense potential and ongoing research in bio-based and biodegradable polymer science, engineering and technology to make the world greener.

A Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology

The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook

The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook

Food safety is important and consumers have a right to expect that those who supply the food that they buy have taken every care to manufacture products that will do them no harm. Those with a responsibility for the regulation of the global food industry recognise this principle and legislate accordingly and the business of managing and regulating the safety of the food supply chain has come a long way in the last 25 years or so. Prompted by the emergence of new food safety hazards, such as the bacterial pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and E. coli O157, powerful new techniques for evaluating and managing the risks presented by these threats have been developed. For example, hazard analysis critical control point, or HACCP, has now become the food safety management system of choice worldwide. Although the food safety management tools are now widely available, they are still virtually useless unless they are supported by adequate and accurate information. HACCP does not work unless its practitioners have access to enough data and scientific knowledge to enable them to understand hazards and how to control them effectively. The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook is an attempt to address the problem of accessing the available information by distilling the key facts about a wide range of individual food safety hazards into a single text. The result is a guidebook, rather than an encyclopaedia, which acts as a portal for the immense and ever expanding body of scientific knowledge that exists for food safety. It is an easy-to-use information resource for anyone with a professional interest in the safety of the food supply. The book is easy to navigate and presents concise and carefully researched factual information on a wide range of biological and chemical hazards in a clear format that is designed to support risk analysis exercises and HACCP studies. It covers a broad range of established and emerging food safety hazards and includes details of authoritative sources of further information (many web-based) for those seeking to examine a topic in greater depth. The section on food allergens is a particularly valuable component of the book, the chapters on fish toxins are also useful and unusual in a book of this kind and bacterial pathogens are comprehensively covered. One of the most important features of the book is the wide scope of the content and the highly structured format designed to help the reader find information quickly. Other key benefits to the reader are: -The wide range of biological and chemical hazards covered in a single book -Written specifically with food industry professionals in mind -Easy to navigate and accessible for the non-expert -Clear and concise presentation of factual information presented in a format that lends itself to use in risk assessment exercises -Inclusion of references and web links to reliable sources of further information on each chapter -specifically designed for practical use by a professional readership

The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook

Liquid-crystalline Polymers

Liquid-crystalline Polymers

This volume explores the creation, study, and processing of new liquid-crystalline polymers. It covers not only the chemistry of liquid-crystalline polymers, but also the physics and engineering aspects of these materials. A wide range of topics is covered, including syntheses of main-chain and side-chain LCPs, structural characterization of LP, rheology and processing, and applications such a electro-optics and ‘self-reinforcing’ blends. This book presents a broad view of the direction of LCP research in both industry and academe.

Liquid-crystalline Polymers

Ancient and Medieval Arms and Armor

Ancient and Medieval Arms and Armor

Over 750 detailed, high-quality illustrations from rare 19th-century sources: suits of armor, chain mail, swords, helmets, knives, crossbows and other implements, along with scenes of battle, soldiers, horses, artillery and more. Especially suitable for projects requiring a medieval or old-fashioned flavor, these illustrations will fill a myriad of needs for battle-related graphic art.

Ancient and Medieval Arms and Armor

Single Cell Diagnostics

Single Cell Diagnostics

Single Cell Diagnostics: Methods and Protocols applies modern molecular diagnostic techniques to the analysis of single cells, small numbers of cells, or cell extracts. Emphasis is placed on non-invasive analysis of single cell metabolites and the direct analysis of RNA and DNA from single cells, with a focus on polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The authors, all leading scientists in the field, provide current and innovative methods for extracting useful, accurate, and reliable data from single-cell samples. The stepwise, technically precise protocols presented in this volume thoroughly describe single-cell assays, from material collection and isolation of cells to data interpretation. Cell-types analyzed include embryonic blastomeres, fibroblasts, and lymphocytes. Among the techniques described are real-time quantitative PCR, isothermal whole genome amplification, comparative genomic hybridization, real-time genetic expression analysis, and the production of RNA and cDNA libraries. This handbook will be essential for researchers and clinicians, and practitioners providing care for couples seeking treatment for infertility or preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Book jacket.

Single Cell Diagnostics

Solving Enterprise Applications Performance Puzzles

Solving Enterprise Applications Performance Puzzles

Poorly performing enterprise applications are the weakest links in a corporation’s management chain, causing delays and disruptions of critical , functions. This groundbreaking book frames enterprise application , engineering not as an art but as applied science built on model-based methodological foundation. The book introduces queuing models of enterprise application that visualize, demystify, explain, and solve system performance issues. Analysis of these models will help to discover and clarify unapparent connections and correlations among workloads, hardware architecture, and , parameters.

Solving Enterprise Applications Performance Puzzles