Fundamentals of X Programming

Fundamentals of X Programming

This book provides an overview of the X Window System, focusing on characteristics that have significant impact on the development of both application programs and widgets. The X is the dominant window system under Unix, and X servers are available for Microsoft Windows, thus enabling graphics over a network in the PC world. Special attention to applications that go beyond graphical user interfaces (GUIs), such as visualization and imaging programs; issues affecting video games; and designing widgets with a complex appearance. While the book does not assume previous knowledge of X, it is intended for experienced programmers, especially those who want to write programs that go beyond simple GUIs.

Fundamentals of X Programming

25 Prewriting Graphic Organizers and Planning Sheets

25 Prewriting Graphic Organizers and Planning Sheets

Before students can start writing their first draft, they need to get their ideas together and organize them. Prewriting graphic organizers and planning sheets can help! Standards-based lessons introduce students to the prewriting stage of the writing process and model how to use the graphic organizers and planning sheets in this book. Includes acrostic, cause and effect, imaging, recall, sketch and label, story map, timeline, and more. For use with Grades 3-5.

25 Prewriting Graphic Organizers and Planning Sheets

Visualization of Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics

Visualization of Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics

The hydrogen bond represents an important interaction between molecules, and the dynamics of hydrogen bonds in water create an ever-present question associated with the process of chemical and biological reactions. In spite of numerous studies, the process remains poorly understood at the microscopic level because hydrogen-bond dynamics, such as bond rearrangements and hydrogen/proton transfer reactions, are extremely difficult to probe. Those studies have been carried out by means of spectroscopic methods where the signal stems from the ensemble of a system and the hydrogen-bond dynamics were inferred indirectly. This book addresses the direct imaging of hydrogen-bond dynamics within water-based model systems assembled on a metal surface, using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The dynamics of individual hydrogen bonds in water clusters, hydroxyl clusters, and water-hydroxyl complexes are investigated in conjunction with density functional theory. In these model systems, quantum dynamics of hydrogen bonds, such as tunneling and zero-point nuclear motion, are observed in real space. Most notably, hydrogen atom relay reactions, which are frequently invoked across many fields of chemistry, are visualized and controlled by STM. This work presents a means of studying hydrogen-bond dynamics at the single-molecule level, providing an important contribution to wide fields beyond surface chemistry.

Visualization of Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics

The Solar Dynamics Observatory

The Solar Dynamics Observatory

This volume is dedicated to the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which was launched 11 February 2010. The articles focus on the spacecraft and its instruments: the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE), and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Articles within also describe calibration results and data processing pipelines that are critical to understanding the data and products, concluding with a description of the successful Education and Public Outreach activities. This book is geared towards anyone interested in using the unprecedented data from SDO, whether for fundamental heliophysics research, space weather modeling and forecasting, or educational purposes. Previously published in Solar Physics journal, Vol. 275/1-2, 2012.

The Solar Dynamics Observatory

Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine

Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine

Sources of ultrashort laser pulses are nowadays commercially available and have entered many areas of research and development. This book gives an overview of biological and medical applications of these laser pulses. The briefness of these laser pulses permits the tracing of the fastest processes in photo-active bio-systems, which is one focus of the book. The other focus is applications that rely on the high peak intensity of ultrashort laser pulses. Examples covered span non-linear imaging techniques, optical tomography, and laser surgery.

Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine

Astronomical Measurement

Astronomical Measurement

This book on astronomical measurement takes a fresh approach to teaching the subject. After discussing some general principles, it follows the chain of measurement through atmosphere, imaging, detection, spectroscopy, timing, and hypothesis testing. The various wavelength regimes are covered in each section, emphasising what is the same, and what is different. The author concentrates on the physics of detection and the principles of measurement, aiming to make this logically coherent.

Astronomical Measurement

Chromosome nanoscience and technology

Chromosome nanoscience and technology

Reviewing new trends and techniques for future chromosome research, this volume draws upon scientists from many disciplines to introduce various nano devices and applications that have been developed for handling the smallest biological materials, especially chromosomes. It details the visualization of chromosomes at nano and micro levels, including the most advanced applications ever employed for Scanning Probe Microscopy; discusses the development of a sustainable chromosome imaging database; examines isolation, comparative proteome analyses, and structural/functional analyses including a new 3-dimensional model; and describes a new antibody production method for chromosomal proteins.

Chromosome nanoscience and technology

Plasmonics

Plasmonics

This book deals with all aspects of plasmonics, basics, applications and advanced developments. Plasmonics is an emerging field of research dedicated to the resonant interaction of light with metals. The light/matter interaction is strongly enhanced at a nanometer scale which sparks a keen interest of a wide scientific community and offers promising applications in pharmacology, solar energy, nanocircuitry or also light sources. The major breakthroughs of this field of research originate from the recent advances in nanotechnology, imaging and numerical modelling. The book is divided into three main parts: extended surface plasmons polaritons propagating on metallic surfaces, surface plasmons localized on metallic particles, imaging and nanofabrication techniques. The reader will find in the book: Principles and recent advances of plasmonics, a complete description of the physics of surface plasmons, a historical survey with emphasize on the emblematic topic of Wood’s anomaly, an overview of modern applications of molecular plasmonics and an extensive description of imaging and fabrications techniques.

Plasmonics

Essential Quantum Physics

Essential Quantum Physics

This is a first course on quantum mechanics and describes simple applications to physical phenomena that are of immediate and everyday interest. The first five chapters introduce the fundamentals of quantum mechanics and are followed by a quiz so readers can test themselves. The remaining chapters describe applications, including the physics of lasers, molecular binding, simple properties of crystalline solids arising from their band structure, and the operation of junction transistors. This new expanded edition now includes a chapter on the theory of spin and its application to magnetic resonance imaging, as well as a description of the WKB approximation and its application to alpha decay. Ideal either as a course text or a self-study text, the book contains nearly 100 exercises and hints to their solution.

Essential Quantum Physics