Described by the philosopher A.J. Ayer as a work of ‘great originality and power’, this book revolutionized contemporary thinking on science and knowledge. Ideas such as the now legendary doctrine of ‘falsificationism’ electrified the scientific community, influencing even working scientists, as well as post-war philosophy. This astonishing work ranks alongside The Open Society and Its Enemies as one of Popper’s most enduring books and contains insights and arguments that demand to be read to this day.
Chủ Nhật, 1 tháng 3, 2015
The Logic of Scientific Discovery
Chủ Nhật, 15 tháng 2, 2015
The Mathematics of Logic
This undergraduate textbook covers the key material for a typical first course in logic, in particular presenting a full mathematical account of the most important result in logic, the Completeness Theorem for first-order logic. Looking at a series of interesting systems, increasing in complexity, then proving and discussing the Completeness Theorem for each, the author ensures that the number of new concepts to be absorbed at each stage is manageable, whilst providing lively mathematical applications throughout. Unfamiliar terminology is kept to a minimum, no background in formal set-theory is required, and the book contains proofs of all the required set theoretical results. The reader is taken on a journey starting with Knig’s Lemma, and progressing via order relations, Zorn’s Lemma, Boolean algebras, and propositional logic, to completeness and compactness of first-order logic. As applications of the work on first-order logic, two final chapters provide introductions to model theory and nonstandard analysis.
Thứ Sáu, 6 tháng 2, 2015
Reactive Kripke Semantics
This text offers an extension to the traditional Kripke semantics for non-classical logics by adding the notion of reactivity. Reactive Kripke models change their accessibility relation as we progress in the evaluation process of formulas in the model. This feature makes the reactive Kripke semantics strictly stronger and more applicable than the traditional one. Here we investigate the properties and axiomatisations of this new and most effective semantics, and we offer a wide landscape of applications of the idea of reactivity. Applied topics include reactive automata, reactive grammars, reactive products, reactive deontic logic and reactive preferential structures.
Thứ Tư, 28 tháng 1, 2015
Computing with Hp-Adaptive Finite Elements, Volume 2
With a focus on 1D and 2D problems, the first volume of Computing with hp-ADAPTIVE FINITE ELEMENTS prepared readers for the concepts and logic governing 3D code and implementation. Taking the next step in hp technology, Volume II Frontiers: Three-Dimensional Elliptic and Maxwell Problems with Applications presents the theoretical foundations of the 3D hp algorithm and provides numerical results using the 3Dhp code developed by the authors and their colleagues.
Thứ Năm, 22 tháng 1, 2015
The De-Mathematisation of Logic
This book collects together several articles by the author, to which a certain recent RATIO paper of his relates, with that paper as an introduction to the whole. It displays a major failure in the disposition of the logicians who have followed on from Frege, principally through their attachment to mathematics, and their subsequent neglect of natural language, and its basic grammar. Thus these logicians as a whole have confused, in substantial ways, categories like use with mention, identity with equivalence, predicates with functions, predicates with their nominalisations, sentences with nominals, sentences with propositions, propositions with functions, propositions with sets, properties with states of affairs, direct speech with indirect speech, reference with description, objects with facts, pronouns with nouns, mereological sums with (mathematical) sets, numbers with sets, count terms with mass terms, amounts with numbers, and also units of measure with objects, amongst other things. The book consists in fourteen chapters, with eleven of them being as they have been, or will be, when published in central journals, and other collections. Two further chapters extend the work in another two published papers, while one chapter is quite new. The chapter titles are: ‘Logic and Grammar’, ‘Completing Russell’s Logic’, ‘Logic and Arithmetic’, ‘Natural Language Sets’, ‘Namely Riders: an Update’, ‘Concept and Object in Frege’, ‘Frege’s Hidden Assumption’, ‘A Poor Concept Script’, ‘Motivation by De Se Beliefs’, ‘Out of the Liar Tangle’, ‘Ramseying Liars’, ‘Proving that 2+3=5′, ‘Harmonising Natural Deduction’, and ‘Dialetheias are Mental Confusions’.
Chủ Nhật, 11 tháng 1, 2015
Neural and Fuzzy Logic Control of Drives and Power Systems
The authors guide readers quickly and concisely through the complex topics of neural networks, fuzzy logic, mathematical modelling of electrical machines, power systems control and VHDL design. Unlike the academic monographs that have previously been published on each of these subjects, this book combines them and is based round case studies of systems analysis, control strategies, design, simulation and implementation. The result is a guide to applied control systems design that will appeal equally to students and professional design engineers. The book can also be used as a unique VHDL design aid, based on real-world power engineering applications.
Fuzzy Logic
‘Fuzzy Logic: A Practical Approach’ provides a complete overview of fuzzy logic and outlines how it can be applied to real-world problems in industry and business. The book includes a disk with interactive tutorial programs to illustrate the concepts and applications of fuzzy logic.
Higher Recursion Theory
Hyperarithmetic theory is the first step beyond classical recursion theory. It is the primary source of ideas and examples in higher recursion theory. It is also a crossroad for several areas of mathematical logic: in set theory it is an initial segment of Godel’s L; in model theory, the least admissible set after ; in descriptive set theory, the setting for effective arguments. In this book, hyperarithmetic theory is developed at length and used to lift classical recursion theory from integers to recursive ordinals (metarecursion). Two further liftings are then made, first ordinals ( -recursion) and then to sets (E-recursion). Techniques such as finite and infinite injury, forcing and fine structure and extended and combined Dynamic and syntactical methods are contrasted. Several notions of reducibility and computation are compared. Post’s problem is answere affirmatively in all three settings. This long-awaited volume of the -series will be a ‘Must’ for all working in the field.
The Whorf Theory Complex
At last — a comprehensive account of the ideas of Benjamin Lee Whorf which not only explains the nature and logic of the linguistic relativity principle but also situates it within a larger ‘theory complex’ delineated in fascinating detail. Whorf’s almost unknown unpublished writings (as well as his published papers) are drawn on to show how twelve elements of theory interweave in a sophisticated account of relations between language, mind, and experience. The role of language in cognition is revealed as a central concern, some of his insights having interesting affinity with modern connectionism. Whorf’s gestaltic ‘isolates’ of experience and meaning, crucial to understanding his reasoning about linguistic relativity, are explained. A little known report written for the Yale anthropology department is used extensively and published for the first time as an appendix. With the Whorf centenary in 1997, this book provides a timely challenge to those who take pleasure in debunking his ideas without bothering to explore their subtlety or even reading them in their original form.
Thứ Hai, 5 tháng 1, 2015
Applications of Fuzzy Logic in Bioinformatics
Many biological systems and objects are intrinsically fuzzy as their properties and behaviors contain randomness or uncertainty. In addition, it has been shown that exact or optimal methods have significant limitation in many bioinformatics problems. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic are ideal to describe some biological systems/objects and provide good tools for some bioinformatics problems. This book comprehensively addresses several important bioinformatics topics using fuzzy concepts and approaches, including measurement of ontological similarity, protein structure prediction/analysis, and microarray data analysis. It also reviews other bioinformatics applications using fuzzy techniques.
Thứ Năm, 1 tháng 1, 2015
Bentham
Bentham: A Guide for the Perplexed presents a clear account of his life and thought, and highlights his relevance to contemporary debates in philosophy, politics, and law. Key concepts and themes, including Bentham’s theory of logic and language, his utilitarianism, his legal theory, his panopticon prison, and his democratic politicstogether with his views on religion, sex, and tortureare lucidly explored. The book also contains an illuminating discussion of the nature of the text from the perspective of an experienced textual editor.
Chủ Nhật, 21 tháng 12, 2014
Professional Oracle Programming
If you are a developer who wants to use , to build effective, robust, and scalable , applications, look no further. Written by a team of leading authorities on the Oracle database, this example-packed book is divided into three main areas: how the Oracle , works, how to use SQL and programming languages to access Oracle, and how to use the features of Oracle effectively in creating your applications.,
After an overview of the topics you need to know in order to use the Oracle database effectively, you’ll get helpful tips, techniques, code samples, and examples written in Oracle Database 10g. Along the way, you’ll learn how to access and manipulate data in the Oracle database, implement logic with various programming techniques, use raw data in a database, and, ultimately, create successful applications.
Pro SQL Server 2012 Relational Database Design and Implementation
Learn effective and scalable database , techniques in a , , environment. Pro SQL Server 2012 Relational Database Design and Implementation covers everything from design logic that business users will understand, all the way to the physical implementation of design in a SQL Server database. Grounded in best practices and a solid understanding of the underlying theory, Louis Davidson shows how to ‘get it right’ in SQL Server database design and lay a solid groundwork for the future use of valuable business data.
Thứ Bảy, 20 tháng 12, 2014
Microsoft SQL Server 2012 T-SQL Fundamentals
Gain a solid understanding of T-SQL and write better queries.,
Master the fundamentals of Transact-SQL – and develop your own code for querying and modifying data in , , , 2012. Led by a SQL Server expert, you’ll learn the concepts behind T-SQL querying and programming, and then apply your knowledge with exercises in each chapter. Once you understand the logic behind T-SQL, you’ll quickly learn how to write effective code – whether you’re a programmer or database administrator.
Thứ Sáu, 19 tháng 12, 2014
Perceptual Computing
This book focuses on the three components of a Perceptual Computer – encoder, CWW engines, and decoder – and then provides detailed applications for each. It uses interval type-2 fuzzy sets (IT2 FSs) and fuzzy logic as the mathematical vehicle for perceptual computing, because such fuzzy sets can model first-order linguistic uncertainties whereas the usual kind of fuzzy sets cannot. Drawing upon the work on subjective judgments that Jerry Mendel and his students completed over the past decade.
Thứ Năm, 18 tháng 12, 2014
Camel in Action
Apache Camel is a Java , that lets you implement the standard enterprise integration , in a few lines of code. With a concise but sophisticated DSL you snap integration logic into your app, Lego-style, using Java, XML, or Scala. Camel supports over 80 common transports such as HTTP, REST, JMS, and Web Services.,
Camel in Action is a Camel tutorial full of small examples showing how to work with the integration patterns. It starts with core concepts like sending, receiving, routing, and transforming data.
Thứ Hai, 15 tháng 12, 2014
AspectJ in Action
A software system is the realization of a set of concerns. One of the central premises of object-oriented , is that each concern should be implemented as a separate module. However, there are certain system-wide concerns, such as logging, security, performance, and so forth, that often need to be addressed in many, if not all of the modules. Consequently, the code to handle these system-wide concerns may be mixed in with the core logic of a huge number of modules, resulting in lower productivity, poor quality, and systems that are hard to evolve.,
Aspect-oriented programming overcomes these problems by modularizing the system-wide concerns.